| Afghanistan |
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Mesherano Jirga (Pashto: مشرانوجرګه) or the House of Elders, is the upper house of the bicameral National Assembly of Afghanistan, alongside the Wolesi Jirga ("people's assembly" or lower house, the main legislature).
It has 102 members. One-third of it (34) are elected by district councils (one per province) for 3-year terms, one-third (34) by provincial councils (one per province) for 4-year terms, and one-third (34) are nominated by the president for 5-year terms. However, elections for the district councils were not held in the 2005 parliamentary elections. As such, each provincial council also selected one of its elected members to temporarily hold seats in the house until district council elections are held. Half of the presidential nominees have to be women, two representatives from the disabled and impaired and two from the Kuchis.[1]
This house forms more of an advisory role rather than a maker of law. Still, the house has some veto power.
Having been absent from the decision-making process for centuries, Afghan women for the first time entered the political arena in 2001, after the overthrow of Taliban. With the introduction of reserved seats provision in the 2002 Emergency Loya Jirga, when 10% of 1600 seats were reserved for women, the ground was laid for participation of Afghan women in parliament.
The new 2004 constitution secured reserved seats for women and minorities in both houses of parliament. In the 2005 parliamentarian elections, Afghan women won 89 seats. According to the Inter-Parliamentary Union, in 2009 they are holding 67 seats (27.7%) in Wolesi Jirga (lower house) and 22 (21.6%) in Meshrano Jirga (upper house). This representation is above the worldwide average of 18.5% and above the average of the United States at 16.8% for the House and 15.4% for the Senate.
| incumbent | nature of term |
notes |
|---|---|---|
| Sibghatullah Mojaddedi | ||
| Sayed Hamed Gailani | ||
| Burhanullah Shinwari | ||
| Aminuddin Mozafari | ||
| Abdul Khaliq Hussaini | ||
| Mohammed Fahim | ||
| Ahmadshah Ramazan | ||
| Arsalan Rahmani | ||
| Bakhtar Aminzai | ||
| Bilqis Kochi | ||
| Torday Akhon | ||
| Qazi Soraya Ahmadyar | ||
| Homayrah Nemati | ||
| Hyatullah | ||
| Khadim Hussain Khodayar | ||
| Khan Mohammad Khagy | ||
| Khadija Husseini | ||
| Khairo Jan | ||
| Raz Muhammad | ||
| Roshan Arah Alkozai | ||
| Ryda Azimi | ||
| Zalmay | ||
| Sarah Sorkhabi | ||
| Sakhy Moshwani | ||
| Amer Sahedullah | ||
| Qazi Sahedullah Aboaman | ||
| Peer Sayed Ibrahim Gylani | ||
| Sultan Jan Khaksar | ||
| Suliman Yari | ||
| Samih Jan Shirzada | ||
| Sohilah Sharifi | ||
| Sayed Hamed Agha | ||
| Sayed Dawood Nasseri | ||
| Sayed Saleh Muhammad Saleh | ||
| Abdul Basir Ahmadi | ||
| Mullah Sayed Muhammad Akhund | ||
| Sayed Muhammad Mohsen | ||
| Shah Bi Bi | ||
| Wakeel Shah Nawaz | ||
| Sheer Mohammad Akhundzada | ||
| Sheer Muhammad Nooristani | ||
| Sabir Khan | ||
| Sediqah Balkhi | ||
| Safar Muhammad Kakar | ||
| Tayba Zahedi | ||
| Hallya Qazizada Qardash | ||
| Ebadullah Naqshbandi | ||
| Abdulahmad Zahdi | ||
| Abdul Baqi Baryal | ||
| Abdul Hafiz Zahir | ||
| Abdul Hameed Aimaq | ||
| Qazi Abdul Hay Khadim | ||
| AbdulRahman Hakimi | ||
| Abdul Satar | ||
| Ostad Abdul Sabor Farid | ||
| Abdul Qader Dostum | ||
| Abdullah Haqani | ||
| Abdul Wali Ahmadzai | ||
| Attahullah | ||
| Abdul Wahed Karizwal | ||
| Ghulam Farooq Farahi | ||
| Fazel Karim Mohammadi | ||
| Faqeer Muhammad | ||
| Qurban Ali Orfani | ||
| Qamer Khosti | ||
| Kubra Aman | ||
| Kubra Mostafawoi | ||
| Gongarem | ||
| Mahbob Khan | ||
| Mahboba Hoqoqmal | ||
| Mohtrama Habibi | ||
| Moslema Hussaini | ||
| Muhammad Afzal Ahmadzai | ||
| Muhammad Akbar Wahedat | ||
| Muhammad Anwar Muradi | ||
| Muhammad Baqir Sharifi | ||
| Muhammad Hassan Hotak | ||
| Muhammad Hassan Qazizada | ||
| Muhammad Hanif Hanifi | ||
| Muhammad Rangin Moshkwani | ||
| Muhammad Zaman Mohebi Bahlol | ||
| Muhammad Harif Sarwari | ||
| Muhammad Halam Eizedyar | ||
| Muhammad Omar Shirzad | ||
| Muhammad Omar Asim | ||
| Muhammad Eysa Khan Shinwari | ||
| Muhammad Kabir Marzban | ||
| Muhammad Naser Attahy | ||
| Muhammad Hashim Ortaq | ||
| Muhammad Yunos Sheerin Agha | ||
| Khwaja Mahmmood Rashed | ||
| Mokaram Khan Nasseri | ||
| Mirbat Khan Mangal | ||
| Najeebah Hussaini | ||
| Najeebah Rokhshani Baloch | ||
| Nasereen Parsah | ||
| Nazar Muhammad | ||
| Nafas Gul Khedmat | ||
| Nafisa Sultani | ||
| Noorullah Mehmar | ||
| Kafeel Noor Muhammad | ||
| Wakeel Muhammad Laiq | ||
| Hedayetullah Rehay |
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